西藏措勤盆地白垩系白云岩地球化学特征及其成因分析   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

李亚林  黄永建  王成善  朱利东  王立成  魏玉帅 《岩石学报》2008,24(3)

通过岩石学、阴极发光、同位素和岩石地球化学等方法对青藏高原措勤盆地郎山组白云岩进行了成因研究.研究表明本区白云岩岩石类型主要为中-细晶白云岩和灰质白云岩,阴极发光主体呈棕红-暗棕红色光,并且具有高的有序度和低的CaCO3摩尔含量.地球化学分析表明岩石U含量(1.5～45.2×10-5)和U/Th(0.89～68)明显高于一般的海相碳酸盐;高的87Sr/86Sr(0.710092～0.711719)同位素比值,表明在成岩过程中Sr的加入.白云岩δ18O值为-15.13‰～-6.94‰,平均-8.7‰,δ13C为-0.56‰～2.53‰,平均1.7‰,反映出白云岩具有较高的盐度指数Z值(118.0～128.0)和成岩温度(50.77～95.95℃),表明形成于超成浓缩海水环境并具较高的成岩温度.综合分析认为本区白云岩属于埋藏成因,并在后期由于淡水加入发生去白云化作用.  相似文献   

Geology and petrology of the Hormuz dolomite, Infra-Cambrian: Implications for the formation of the salt-cored Halul and Shraouh islands, Offshore, State of Qatar     

Sobhi Nasir  Hamad Al-Saad  Abudlrazak Alsayigh  Oliver Weidlich 《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2008,33(5-6):353-365

Geological investigations of the Halul and the Shraouh islands, offshore Qatar, indicate that most of their calcareous rocks, which display abundant stromatolitic bedding, belong to the Infra-Cambrian Hormuz Series. Mineralogical, petrological, and geochemical analyses show that these calcareous rocks consist dominantly of dolomite and have formed in a reducing depositional environment. Faint laminations and small streaks of organic matter furnish evidence for the involvement of algal mats in their genesis and indicate their formation in an intertidal to supratidal setting. The Halul and Shraouh dolomites experienced extensive recrystallization and sulfatization during the emplacement of the Halul and Shraouh salt domes that form the cores of the islands. During mobilization and ascent of the salt, the dolomite recrystallized, and its Sr initial ratios were abnormally enhanced by the incorporation of ⁸⁷Sr from a source, which is more radiogenic than the attendant seawater at the time of the dolomite formation near the Proterozoic–Cambrian boundary. Geochemical analysis show that Si, Al, Ti Zr, and % of insoluble residue are highly correlative, suggesting the presence of detrital minerals such as rutile and zircon. A paleosabkha model may well agree with this chemical signature. However, the Infra-Cambrian age of the Hormuz rocks and the presence of stromatolitic layers containing organic materials in the studied rocks, suggest that organogenic dolomitization could be an alternative dolomitization model.  相似文献   

Dissolution Kinetics of Dolomite in Water at Elevated Temperatures   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ronghua Zhang  Shumin Hu  Xuetong Zhang  Wenbin Yu 《Aquatic Geochemistry》2007,13(4):309-338

Kinetic experiments of dolomite dissolution in water over a temperature range from 25 to 250°C were performed using a flow through packed bed reactor. Authors chose three different size fractions of dolomite samples: 18–35 mesh, 35–60 mesh, and 60–80 mesh. The dissolution rates of the three particle size samples of dolomite were measured. The dissolution rate values are changed with the variation of grain size of the sample. For the sample through 20–40 mesh, both the release rate of Ca and the release rate of Mg increase with increasing temperature until 200°C, then decrease with continued increasing temperature. Its maximum dissolution rate occurs at 200°C. The maximum dissolution rates for the sample through 40–60 mesh and 60–80 mesh happen at 100°C. Experimental results indicate that the dissolution of dolomite is incongruent in most cases. Dissolution of fresh dolomite was non-stoichiometric, the Ca/Mg ratio released to solution was greater than in the bulk solid, and the ratio increases with rising temperatures from 25 to 250°C. Observations on dolomite dissolution in water are presented as three parallel reactions, and each reaction occurs in consecutive steps as where the second part is a slow reaction, and also the reaction could occur as follows: The following rate equation was used to describe dolomite dissolution kinetics where refers to one of each reaction among the above reactions; k _ij is the rate constant for ith species in the jth reaction, a _i stands for activity of ith aqueous species, n is the stoichimetric coefficience of ith species in the jth reaction, and define . The experiments prove that dissolved Ca is a strong inhibitor for dolomite dissolution (release of Ca) in most cases. Dissolved Mg was found to be an inhibitor for dolomite dissolution at low temperatures. But dissolution rates of dolomite increase with increasing the concentration of dissolved Mg in the temperature range of 200–250°C for 20–40 mesh sample, and in the temperature range of 100–250°C for 40–80 mesh sample, whereas the Mg²⁺ ion adsorption on dolomite surface becomes progressively the step controlling reaction. The following rate equation is suitable to dolomite dissolutions at high temperatures from 200 to 250°C.where refers to dissolution rate (release of Ca), and are molar concentrations of dissolved Ca and Mg, k _ad stands for adsorption reaction rate constant, K _Mg refers to adsorption equilibrium constant. At 200°C for 40–60 mesh sample, the release rate of Ca can be described as:  相似文献   

白云石形成过程中的热力学与动力学基础及白云岩形成环境划分   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈永权  周新源  杨文静 《海相油气地质》2009,14(1)

CaMg(CO3)2在现代海水中是过饱和的,但是前人的研究发现在实验室标准状态下(25℃,1atm)无法从海水中直接沉淀出白云石,所以,白云石的形成不是一个单纯的热力学问题,而是一个动力学问题。依据白云石形成的热力学和动力学特征,将白云岩的形成环境划分为表生成岩环境与埋藏成岩环境。表生成岩环境按白云岩发育位置又分为:潮坪-澙湖蒸发环境、环礁潜流面与深?粱肪场B癫爻裳腋萘魈褰胩逑?的方式又分为:与裂缝相关的埋藏成岩、与缝合线相关的埋藏成岩、与岩溶相关的埋藏成岩和与渗透回流相关的浅埋藏成岩。分别对所划分的各成岩环境进行了详细的岩石学与地球化学特征分析与讨论。  相似文献   

封闭系统中的白云石化作用及其石油地质学和矿床学意义——以四川盆地东北部三叠系飞仙关组碳酸盐岩为例   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

黄思静　QING HaiRuo胡作维  邹明亮冯文立王春梅  郜晓勇王庆东 《岩石学报》2007,23(11):2955-2962

作为优质储层的四川盆地东北部三叠系飞仙关组的结晶白云岩是通过埋藏成岩过程的封闭条件下的白云石化作用形成的.岩石所具有的高孔隙度与封闭体系中的白云石化反应:2CaCO3 Mg2 =CaMg(CO3)2 Ca2 有关.埋藏成岩体系中的高锶流体是该封闭条件下白云石化作用的产物,深埋藏条件下的热化学硫酸盐还原作用是锶进一步富集的原因,因而三叠系的大型和超大型天青石矿床的成因与这些因素有关.结晶白云岩极低的锰含量、与同期海水类似的δ13C值表明白云石化流体具有强烈的海源色彩,同时也说明白云石化过程没有与大气水交换;相对较低的δ18O值表明白云石化发生在较晚的埋藏成岩阶段.大多数已有的白云石化机制都是基于近地表成岩条件建立的,系统具有良好的开放性,但开放体系中的白云石化(或白云石沉淀)作用对油气储集空间和与成岩过程元素迁移有关的沉积层控矿床的形成没有多少实际意义.在四川盆地东北部三叠系飞仙关组地层中,作为非储层的微晶或泥晶白云岩以及原始结构保存的粒屑白云岩的白云石化作用主要是在有大气水介入的开放体系中发生的.  相似文献   

Petrographic and geochemical study of Jurassic dolostones from Lebanon: Evidence for superimposed diagenetic events     

Fadi H. Nader  Rudy Swennen  Rob M. Ellam   《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2006,89(1-3):288

The Jurassic rock sequence in Lebanon is characterized by pervasive dolomitization (thickness > 1000 m). Two distinct dolostones are recognized within this rock succession: fine-to-medium crystalline seepage-reflux grey dolostone and coarse-crystalline hydrothermal beige dolostone. In this contribution, field, petrographic, and geochemical investigations on a dolostone ‘tongue’, occurring in Late Jurassic carbonates in central Lebanon, are discussed. The dolostone ‘tongue’ consists predominantly of the beige Late Jurassic hydrothermal dolostones. During and/or after the deposition of the overlying continental sandstones (Early Cretaceous), meteoric water percolated through the sand layers and into the underlying beige dolostones. This resulted first in dolomite intracrystalline dissolution, and then in the precipitation of oxides/hydroxides within the pore space. Finally, the precipitation of ferroan dolomite cement — from reduced fluids during a new stage of burial — took place. This study attempts to explain how superimposed diagenetic events result in a single pervasive dolostone body.  相似文献   

乾宁古冰帽的发现及意义     

孙广友 《地理科学》2002,22(6):753-756

乾宁古冰帽于1982年被作者发现,发育于大雪山顶部的夷平面上,海拔高度为4300～4400 m,地理坐标为101°14′～101°30′E,30°20′～30°38′N,是青藏高原位置最东、海拔最低的一个更新世古冰帽,生成环境独特。它还具有中心区缺少冰蚀过程遗迹的独特性质,其机理在于冰帽中心区冰层太薄、动能低、冰体侵蚀力弱,而边缘带冰层增厚。侵蚀力也增强。它的发现对进一步探讨青藏高原第四纪冰川问题具有重要意义。  相似文献   

煤层开采覆岩破坏的层析成像研究   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8       下载免费PDF全文

冯锐  林宣明 《地球物理学报》1996,39(1):114-124

用电磁波层析技术对邵武煤矿煤层开采后的覆岩破坏进行了探测，分析了吸收系数、介电常数和电导率的关系及数值范围，根据地质资料进行了综合解释．所得结果较准确地重现了地下结构的形态、裂隙带的位置和煤层开采后的变化过程，指导了对破碎带的成功堵漏，解决了生产中的一个难题．  相似文献   

古里雅冰帽硝酸根离子的来源分析   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

盛文坤  姚檀栋 《冰川冻土》1996,18(4):353-359

古里雅冰帽的ＮＯ３＾－离子主要来自亚洲粉尘和闪电，它周围附近的地表对冰帽ＮＯ３＾－离子的贡献较少。现代人类活动产生的ＮＯｘ气体及海洋中的ＮＯ３＾－离子能够到达冰帽之上的量是微不足道的。  相似文献   

泥质岩盖层微观封闭能力的综合评价方法及其应用   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

付广  张建英 《海相油气地质》1997,2(1):36-41

在深入研究盖层微观封闭机理及影响封闭能力的主要因素基础上，选取盖层／储层排替压力差、异常孔隙流体压力和异常含气浓度作为泥质岩盖层微观封闭能力的三个主要评价参数。通过对其划分等级，赋予权值，利用加权法求取泥质岩盖层微观封闭能力的综合评价权值大小，建立了一套泥质岩盖层微观封闭能力的综合评价方法，并对琼东南盆地各构造单元梅山组泥岩盖层微观封闭能力进行综合评价。结果表明，梅山组泥质岩盖层在各构造单元均具有  相似文献